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National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, Report - Investigations on the Incompletely Developed Plane Diagonal Tension Field

Actual diagonal—tension beams work in an inter-
mediate stage between pure shear, and pure diagonal
tension; the theory developed by Wagner for diagonal
tension is therefore not directly applicable. This paper
presents the results of investigations on the incompletely
developed dMgonal—tensionfield. '

The first part of the paper briefly reviews the most
essential items of the theory of pure diagonal tension as
well as previous attempts to formulate a theory of incom—
plete diagonal tension. A simple semiempirical theory
of incomplete diagonal tension that includes the cases of
pure shear and of pure diagonal tension as limiting
cases is then presented.

The second part of the paper describes strain measure-
ments made by the N. A. C. A. to obtain the necessary
coeflicients for the proposed theory. Some measurements
of buckling deflections were also made by the N. A. C. A.
Strain measurements and deflection measurements made
elsewhere are evaluated in the light of the proposed theory.

The third part of the paper discusses the stress analysis
of diagonal-tension beams by means of the proposed
theory.

An attempt has been made to utilize all available
material so that the current state of knowledge on the
stress analysis of diagonal-tension beams might be
presented in a form useful to the stress analyst.

The basic concept of diagonal-tension beams was
introduced into aeronautical literature by Wagner in
reference 1, which presents a very complete theory.
The principles of this theory, insofar as they interest
the practical designer, are summarized in reference 2.
Brief reviews of the basic principles of the theory are
also given in a number of other articles and textbooks,
such as references 3 and 4.

Experience has shown that the theory of diagonal
tension as presented in references 1 to 4 is, in many
cases, entirely too conservative.