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Titanium Alloys for Modern Technology

From the standpoint of its set of physicochemical and mechanical properties,
titanium is one of the most promising new metals finding their way into the
industry. Of particular importance are titanium alloys, which in a number of
characteristics surpass the properties of high—alloy steels, at a specific gravity
almost 1/2 that of iron and steel.

The development of the technology of production of metallic titanium was
begun 20 years ago. The first semifinished samples of titanium sponge were
obtained by magiesiothermic reduction of its tetrachloride. Having mastered
this method of preparation of primary titanium, Soviet scientists and engineers
soon developed and mastered the production of massive titanium by vacuum arc
melting and organized the production of titanium and its alloys in our country.

The growing titanium industry was outfitted with the most modern industrial
equipment for organizing scientific investigations and developing a continuous
technology of production of semifinished products of all types from titanium and
its alloys.

Today, our titanium industry is one of the foremost in the world, and it meets
the country‘s demand for titanium at the level of world standards.

Research and experimental design studies on titanium and its alloys have
been successfully carried on in many institutes and plants in the country. Studies
in the area of chemical interaction of titanium with other elements, phase equi-
libria, structure and conversions in the solid state, patterns of change of all the
properties, and a thorough study of the technological properties of titanium and
its alloys have created the scientific base for the development and introduction
of original brands of titanium alloys into production. Many of them have now
found broad applications as structural, high-strength, heat—resistant and corrosion-
resistant materials in various branches of the new technology.