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NASA, Report - Anthropometric Source Book - Volume I; Anthropometry for Designers

The Anthropometric Source Book is designed to provide NASA, NASA
contractors, the aerospace industry, Government agencies, and a wide variety
of industrial users in the civilian sector with a comprehensive, up-to-date
tabulation of anthropometric data. Specifically, it is tailored to meet the
needs of engineers engaged in the design of equipment, habitability areas,
workspace layouts, life-support hardware, and clothing for the NASA Space
Shuttle/Spacelab program. The intent is to provide the designer not only
with dimensional data but with underlying anthropometric concepts and their
application to design.

All available anthropometric data collected in the weightless
environment are documented in this three-volume book, which also includes an
extensive tabulation of anthropometric data defining the physical size, mass
distribution properties, and dynamic capabilities of U.S. and selected
foreign populations. The material covers adult males and females of various
age groups, socio-educational backgrounds, races, and ethnic backgrounds.
Also included are size-range projections for a 1985 population eligible for
manned space flight.

Volume I is a nine-chapter treatment covering all basic areas of
anthropometry and its applications to the design of clothing, equipment, and
workspaces.

Chapter 1, "Anthropometric Changes in Weightlessness," addresses the
effects on the human body that occur as a result of weightlessness. Such
topics as weight loss, height increases, neutral body posture, strength and
body composition, changes in trunk and limb girth, and loss of muscle mass
are discussed in detail. In addition to bringing together in a single source
the most comprehensive collection of data on anthropometric change in
weightlessness that exists in this country, this chapter calls attention to
the potential impact of weightlessness on man/machine design and suggests
areas of future study essential to the proper design of man's space
environment.

Chapter 2, "Variability in Human Body Size," describes and graphically
documents the range of human-body variability found among homogeneous groups.
Those trends that show significantly marked differences between sexes and
among a number of racial/ethnic groups are also presented. This chapter
alerts design engineers to the nature and extent of human-body variability
and serves as a guide for modifying and designing man/machine systems.