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The Low-Temperature Solubility of 42 Aromatic Amines in Aviation Gasoline

At the request of the Air Technical Service Command, Army
Air Forces, a general investigation of the suitability of aromatic
amines as antilcnock additives for aviation gasoline has been con-
ducted at the NASA Cleveland laooratory between April 1943 and
April 1945. The program included the determinations of antiknock
effectiveness (references 1 to 6), of suitability for overwater
storage (reference 7), and of the solubility in gasoline at low
temperatures (references 8 and 9) £or aviation gasolines contain-
ing; aromatic amines.

The present paper is the third and final report on the solu-
bilities of amines in aviation gasoline at low temperatures, such
as would be encountered in cold-weather operation or in flight,
and surmarizes the data reported in the first two papers (refer—
ences 8 and 9); solubilities of seven additional amines, 15-methy1-
g-toluidine, N-methyl-tcluidines from chlarctoluenos, o-ethyl-
aniline , N-me thyl -p_-e thylaniline , N-me thyle thylaniline_(mixed
isomers from chloroethylbenzenes), N-mefliyl-p-isopropylaniline,
and N-mefiayldiphenylamine, are included herein. Solubilities of
the 42 amines were measured at temperainres as low as -65° C, 5°
below the usual Army-Navy freezing specification of -60° C, and at
concentrations as high as 10 percent by weight, well above the 1-
to iii-percent range in which amines have been used in gasoline.
Determination of solubiliw at -60° C was a particular objective
in obtaining the data. Because gasoline composition affects the
solubiliw of fine amines, solubilities were determined in an
aromatic-free gasoline, a gasoline of known aromtic content, and
a typical AN-F-Ze fuel.