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National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, Technical Notes - The Pressure Distribution Over a Standard and a Modified Navy Elliptical Wing Tip on a Biplane in Flight

This note presents the results of flight pressure dis—
tribution tests on the right upper wing panel of a Douglas
M-S airplane equipped in turn with a standard Havy ellipti—
cal tip and a tip having the same plan.form but modified in
its front elevation from the "swept—up" aspect of_the stand—
ard tip to a symmetrical aspect.

The results are given in such form that the load dis—
tribution for any normal-force coefficient within the usu—
al range encountered in flight may easily be determined{
The results indicate that the modification in front eleva-
tion of the tip had no appreciable effect on the load dis-
tribution.

This note presents the results obtained in pressure—
distribution tests in flight of a standard Navy elliptical
tip and a modified Navy elliptical tip. These tips consti—
tute the sixth and seventh tips of a series under investi—
gation. Results of tests on five tips have already been
reported: the “Douglas" tip in reference 1; the square tip,
both with and without faired end, in reference 2; the semi-
circular tip in reference 3; and a modified elliptical tip
in reference 4.

During the tests herein reported, a rounded tip of the
Douglas form (see reference 1) was used on the right 10wer
panel below the tips under investigation. However, as was'
shown by previous tests (reference 2), the results obtained
on the upper wing may be considered to be unaffected by the
shape of the lower tip.

The tests were made at Langley Field, Va., by the
National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, late in 1931.
The M~3 airplane that was used in these tests is 3 nor-
mal biplane having, however, an aspect ratio somewhat his-her
than usual. The characteristics of this airplane are given
in Table I. The shapes of the two wing tips are.given'in
Figure l and the ordinates of the profiles in Tables II and.
III. The Clark Y sectibn was'maintained throughout the span.