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National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, Technical Notes - Theoretical Basic Span Loading Characteristics of Wings with Arbitrary Sweep, Aspect Ratio, and Taper Ratio

The need for information on the subsonic characteristics of
swept wings to supplement the limited amount of existing experimental
data has lead to a theoretical study of their characteristics. As
in most theoretical studies, the wing characteristics have been
determined using the span loading which in this case has been pre—
dicted by the method of Weissinger. Since these characteristics are
dependent upon the span loading, it has been found convenient to
study the characteristics as those associated with additional—type
loading (i.e., the loading due to wing angle of attack) and those
associated with basicfitype leading (i.e., the loading due to wing twist
or effective twist).

In reference 1, the weissinger method was applied to a series
of Wings encompassing the probable ranges of sweep, aspect ratio,
and taper ratio to determine the wing characteristics associated
with additional—type loading. The results (including span load
distribution, spanwise center of pressure, lift—curve slope, and
aerodynamic center) are presented in graphical form as a function
of wing plan form.

The present report is an extension of reference 1 to facilitate
determination of the wing characteristics associated with basic—type
loading (span load distribution, angle of zero lift, and pitching
moment) for a wide range of plan forms. Since the basic loading is a
function of twist as well as the planrform variables (sweep, aspect
ratio, and taper ratio), it seemed impractical to present loading
characteristics for all possible wing configurations. Therefore, it
was intended that this report should present a simple procedure
which would allow prediction of the basic loading for the wide range
of plan forms investigated in reference 1, and should present the
actual basic loading for a few representative configurations to
establish the effects of the various geometric parameters. The
results of this work then, together with reference 1, should enable
a rapid evaluation of the wing characteristics associated with both
the basic and additional types of loading for wings having sweep
angles ranging from.—#5° to 75°, aspect ratios of 1.5 to 10, and
taper ratios of 0 to 1.5.